Release | Currency | Symbol | Founder(s) | Hash algorithm | Programming language of implementation | Cryptocurrency blockchain (PoS, PoW, or other) | Notes |
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2009 | Bitcoin | BTC,[2] XBT, ₿ | Satoshi Nakamoto[nt 1] | SHA-256d[3][4] | C++[5] | PoW[4][6] | The first and most widely used decentralized ledger currency,[7] with the highest market capitalization.[8] |
2011 | Litecoin | LTC, Ł | Charlie Lee | Scrypt | C++[9] | PoW | One of the first cryptocurrencies to use scrypt as a hashing algorithm. |
2011 | Namecoin | NMC | Vincent Durham[10][11] | SHA-256d | C++[12] | PoW | Also acts as an alternative, decentralized DNS. |
2012 | Peercoin | PPC | Sunny King (pseudonym)[citation needed] | SHA-256d[citation needed] | C++[13] | PoW & PoS | The first cryptocurrency to use POW and POS functions. |
2013 | Dogecoin | DOGE, XDG, Ð | Jackson Palmer & Billy Markus[14] | Scrypt[15] | C++[16] | PoW | Based on the Doge internet meme. |
2013[citation needed] | Gridcoin | GRC | Rob Hälford[citation needed] | Scrypt | C++[17] | Decentralized PoS | Linked to citizen science through the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing[18] |
2013 | Primecoin | XPM | Sunny King (pseudonym)[citation needed] | 1CC/2CC/TWN[19] | TypeScript, C++[20] | PoW[19] | Uses the finding of prime chains composed of Cunningham chains and bi-twin chains for proof-of-work. |
2013 | Ripple[21][22] | XRP | Chris Larsen & Jed McCaleb[23] | ECDSA[24] | C++[25] | "Consensus" | Designed for peer to peer debt transfer. Not based on bitcoin. |
2013 | Nxt | NXT | BCNext (pseudonym) | SHA-256d[26] | Java[27] | PoS | Specifically designed as a flexible platform to build applications and financial services around its protocol. |
2014 | Auroracoin | AUR | Baldur Odinsson (pseudonym)[28] | Scrypt | C++[29] | PoW | Created as an alternative currency for Iceland, intended to replace the Icelandic króna. |
2014 | Dash | DASH | Evan Duffield & Kyle Hagan[30] | X11 | C++[31] | PoW & Proof of Service[nt 2] | A bitcoin-based currency featuring instant transactions, decentralized governance and budgeting, and private transactions. |
2014 | NEO | NEO | Da Hongfei & Erik Zhang | SHA-256 & RIPEMD160 | C#[32] | dBFT | China based cryptocurrency, formerly ANT Shares and ANT Coins. The names were changed in 2017 to NEO and GAS. |
2014 | MazaCoin | MZC | BTC Oyate Initiative | SHA-256d | C++[33] | PoW | The underlying software is derived from that of another cryptocurrency, ZetaCoin. |
2014 | Monero | XMR | Monero Core Team | CryptoNight[34] | C++[35] | PoW | Privacy-centric coin using the CryptoNote protocol with improvements for scalability and decentralization. |
2014 | Titcoin | TIT | Edward Mansfield & Richard Allen[36] | SHA-256d | TypeScript, C++[37] | PoW | The first cryptocurrency to be nominated for a major adult industry award.[38] |
2014 | Verge | XVG | Sunerok | Scrypt, x17, groestl, blake2s, and lyra2rev2 | C, C++[39] | PoW | Features anonymous transactions using Tor. |
2014 | Stellar | XLM | Jed McCaleb | Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) [40] | C, C++[41] | Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) [40] | Open-source, decentralized global financial network. |
2014 | Vertcoin | VTC | David Muller[42] | Lyra2RE[43] | C++[44] | PoW | Aims to be ASIC resistant. |
2015 | Ether or "Ethereum" | ETH | Vitalik Buterin[45] | Ethash[46] | C++, Go[47] | PoW | Supports Turing-complete smart contracts. |
2015 | Ethereum Classic | ETC | EtcHash/Thanos[48] | PoW | An alternative version of Ethereum[49] whose blockchain does not include the DAO hard fork.[50] Supports Turing-complete smart contracts. |
2015 | Nano | Nano | Colin LeMahieu | Blake2 | C++[citation needed] | Open Representative Voting[51] | Decentralized, feeless, open-source, peer-to-peer cryptocurrency. First to use a Block Lattice structure. |
2015 | Tether | USDT | Jan Ludovicus van der Velde[52] | Omnicore[53] | PoW | Tether claims to be backed by USD at a 1 to 1 ratio. The company has been unable to produce promised audits.[54] |
2016 | Zcash | ZEC | Zooko Wilcox | Equihash | C++[55] | PoW | The first open, permissionless financial system employing zero-knowledge security. |
2017 | Bitcoin Cash | BCH[56] | SHA-256d | PoW | Hard fork from bitcoin, increased maximum block size from 1MB to 8MB (as of 2018[update], 32MB) |
2017 | EOS.IO | EOS | Dan Larimer | WebAssembly, Rust, C, C++[57] | delegated PoS | Feeless Smart contract platform for decentralized applications and decentralized autonomous corporations with a block time of 500 ms.[57] |
2017 | Cardano | ADA, ₳ | Charles Hoskinson | Ouroboros, PoS Algorithm[58] | Haskell[59] | PoS | A proof-of-stake blockchain platform: developed through evidence-based methods and peer-reviewed research.[60][61][62] |
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